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Sears, Roebuck and Company Information

Sears, officially named Sears Roebuck and Co. is an American chain of department stores[2] which was founded by Richard Warren Sears and Alvah Curtis Roebuck in the late 19th century. Formerly a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, Sears[3] merged with Kmart in early 2005, creating the Sears Holdings Corporation.

From its mail order beginnings, the company grew to become the largest retailer in the United States by the mid-20th century, and its catalogs became famous. Competition and changes in the demographics of its customer base hurt Sears following World War II, as the country's suburban areas thrived, hurting the company's inner-city (and rural) strongholds. Eventually, Sears' catalogs were discontinued in lieu of more web-based alternatives.

Recently, Sears has fallen through due to competition from other department stores which have more advertising than they do. Sears has not made a yearly profit in almost 10 years (as of 2011) and is slowly struggling to compete. One of the main problems with the company is that many of the Sears locations in the US are out of date, and that the company does not remodel them. Sears also maintains a large amount of tools in its store, and has been advertising them more than its clothing.

Contents

History

Richard Sears

Richard Warren Sears was a railroad station agent in North Redwood, Minnesota, when he received an impressive shipment of watches from a Chicago jeweler which were unwanted by a local cube jeweler. Sears purchased them, then sold the watches for a considerable profit to other station agents, then ordered more for resale. Soon he started a business selling watches through mail order catalogs. The next year, he moved to Chicago, Illinois where he met Alvah C. Roebuck, who joined him in the business. In 1893, the corporate name became Sears, Roebuck and Co.

The current Sears location in downtown Chicago is across the street from the historic Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building, which will house a City Target store from the Target Corporation in the near future.

Mail order catalog

Richard Sears knew that farmers often brought their crops to town, where they could be sold and shipped. Before the Sears catalog, farmers typically bought supplies (often at high prices) from local general stores. Sears took advantage of this by publishing his catalog with clearly stated prices, so that consumers could know what he was selling and at what price, and order and obtain them conveniently. The catalog business grew quickly.

The first Sears catalog was published in 1888. By 1894, the Sears catalog had grown to 322 pages, featuring sewing machines, bicycles, sporting goods, automobiles (produced from 1905–1915 by Lincoln Motor Car Works of Chicago, not related to the current Ford Motor Company brand of the same name)[4] and a host of other new items.

Organizing the company so it could handle orders on an economical and efficient basis, Chicago clothing manufacturer Julius Rosenwald became a part-owner in 1895. Alvah Roebuck resigned soon after due to ill health, but the company retained his name. By the following year, dolls, refrigerators, stoves and groceries had been added to the catalog.

Sears, Roebuck and Company catalog, 1918

Sears, Roebuck and Co. soon developed a reputation for quality products and customer satisfaction. By 1895, the company was producing a 532-page catalog. Sales were greater than $400,000 in 1893 and more than $750,000 two years later.[5]

In 1906 Sears opened its catalog plant and the Sears Merchandise Building Tower.[6] Also, by that time, the Sears catalog had become known in the industry as "the Consumers' Bible". In 1933, Sears, Roebuck and Co. produced the first of its famous Christmas catalogs known as the "Sears Wishbook", a catalog featuring toys and gifts, separate from the annual Christmas Catalog. The catalog also entered the language, particularly of rural dwellers, as a euphemism for toilet paper. In the days of outhouses and no readily available toilet paper, the pages of the mass-mailed catalog were used as toilet paper.[7][8]

Alvah Roebuck returned to the organization during the Great Depression, and worked as a spokesperson until his death in 1948. Part of the reason Roebuck left Sears in 1895 was due to the stress the business placed upon him, and he later took some delight in pointing out his longevity versus the much shorter life of Richard Sears. In the 1970s, the name "Roebuck" was dropped from the trade name of the stores, though not from the official corporate name.

Retail stores

The first Sears retail store opened in Chicago on February 2, 1925 in the Merchandise building (in a portion of the company's headquarters at Homan Avenue and Arthington Street). This store included an optical shop and a soda fountain.[9] The first freestanding retail store opened October 5, 1925 in Evansville, Indiana.[10] During the summer of 1928 three more Chicago department stores opened, one on the north side at Lawrence and Winchester, a second on the south side at 79th and Kenwood, and the third at 62nd and Western. In 1929 Sears took over the department store business of Becker-Ryan Company. In 1933 Sears tore down the old Becker-Ryan Company store in Englewood, and built the first windowless department store, inspired by the 1932 Chicago World's Fair.

From the 1920s to the 1950s, Sears built many urban department stores. Starting in the 1950s, the company expanded into suburban markets, and malls in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1959, it had formed the Homart Development Company for developing malls. Many of the company's stores have undergone major renovations or replacement since the 1980s. The company was the largest retailer in the US until the early 1980s, but had dropped significantly in rankings by the time it merged with Kmart.

Shop Your Way Rewards

Shop Your Way Rewards is the rewards program of all the Sears Holding Brands. It was started by Kmart as Kmart Smart Rewards as a pilot program. One year after the Smart Rewards Program was started the name and program was changed to Shop Your Way Rewards. During the test part of the program it was limited to certain Sears and Kmart stores. After the test of the program was considered a success by Sears marketing team, it was introduced to all Sears Holding Brands including Sears, The Great Indoors, Sears Grand, Kmart, Lands End, and My Gofer. The program has four tiers. The tiers are Member, VIP Silver, VIP Gold, VIP Platinum, and VIP Executive. The program allows the customer to receive one cent on the dollar as points accumulate. (For example, if a customer earns 22,000 points, it is equivalent to $22.00 for a customer to freely use throughout any Sears Holding stores.) To reach the VIP levels of the program customers must meet a certain spending qualification criteria. Potential members may enroll in the rewards program at any Sears Holdings run outlet or online. Shopyourway Rewards has since replaced the former Craftsman Club Rewards program. Sears now does digital enrollment where members do not receive a rewards card, but instead receive a PIN via email or text message.

Diversification

Sears began to diversify in the 1930s, adding Allstate Insurance Company in 1931 and placing Allstate representatives in its stores in 1934. Over the decades it established major national brands, such as Kenmore, Craftsman, DieHard, Silvertone, Supertone, and Toughskins. The company became a conglomerate during the mid-20th century, adding Dean Witter and Coldwell Banker real estate in 1981, starting Prodigy as a joint venture with IBM in 1984, and introducing the Discover credit card in 1985. In March 2009, Sears purchased the social search engine Delver.

Divestiture and Sears Grand

In the 1990s the company began divesting itself of many non-retail entities, which were detrimental to the company's bottom line. Sears spun off its financial services arm which included brokerage business Dean Witter Reynolds and Discover Card. It sold its mall building subsidiary Homart to General Growth Properties in 1995.[11] Sears later acquired hardware chain Orchard Supply Hardware in 1996 and started home improvement store The Great Indoors in 1997.

In 1993, Sears stopped production of its general merchandise catalog because of sinking sales and profits. Sears Holdings continues to produce specialty catalogs and reintroduced a smaller version of the Holiday Wish Book in 2007.

In 2003, Sears sold its retail credit card operation to Citibank.[12] The remaining card operations were sold to JPMorgan Chase in August 2005.

In 2003, Sears opened a new concept store called Sears Grand. Sears Grand stores carry everything that a regular Sears carries, plus health and beauty, toys, baby care, cleaning supplies, home decor, pet food, cards and party supplies, books, magazines, electronics, music, movies, and an edited assortment of groceries. Sears Grand stores are about 175,000 to 225,000 square feet (16,300 to 19,500 m²). The first Sears Grand store (and still the largest at 225,000 sq ft) opened at Jordan Landing in West Jordan, Utah in 2003.

Merger with Kmart

Main article: Sears Holdings Corporation A Sears Essentials that was formerly a Kmart in West Palm Beach, Florida

On November 17, 2004, Kmart announced its intentions to purchase Sears. As a part of the purchase, the Kmart Holdings Corporation would change its name to Sears Holdings Corporation. The new corporation announced that it would continue to operate stores under both the Sears and Kmart brands.

In 2005, the company began renovating some Kmart stores and converting them to the Sears Essentials format, only to change them later to Sears Grands.[13]

Sears as a hedge fund

It has been speculated that Sears management is interested in more purchases beyond the Kmart takeover of Sears and that investor Edward Lampert is interested in the company becoming an investment company more than a retailer. Some of many possible targets are other companies that the management believes have low stock prices relative to company value. Some mentioned are Safeway, The Home Depot, and Anheuser–Busch.[14] The Washington Post, in an article dated March 11, 2007, described the current Sears as a hedge fund with money being diverted from the maintenance and improvement of stores to non-retail financial investments. A former executive is quoted as saying the company faces an "uncertain future". A third of pre-tax income in the third quarter of 2006 was generated by financial trades, followed by a poor fourth quarter in same.[15]

Subsidiaries

Sears department store Sears inside a shopping mall in Puerto Rico

Current

Former

Past and present store brands

The exterior of the Sears Merchandise Building Tower.

Employee relations

Sears building in the Edificio La Nacional building in Mexico City, across from the Palacio de Bellas Artes.

Sears has struggled with employee relations. One notable example being the shift in 1992 from an hourly wage based on longevity, to a base wage (usually anywhere from $3.50 to $6 per hour) and commissions ranging from 1% to 11%. This new base wage, often constituting a substantial (up to 40%) cut in pay, was done "to be successful in this highly competitive environment."[44]

In early October 2007 Sears cut commission rates for employees in select departments to anywhere from 1% to 4% but equalized the base wage across all Home Improvement and Electronics departments. In 2011 commission rates on non base items were cut by 2% in the electronics department. This cut was furthered in late 2009 to a 1% commission rate on selected "base items" in the electronics departments of Stores. Appliances, vacuums, and mattresses are the only departments left where wages are based solely on commission sales. The jewelry department associates receive a low base salary with 1% commission on their sales. This model does not apply to all stores. Many stores now simply pay an hourly wage in the fine jewelry department, with no sales-based commission. In early 2008 Sears also converted Lands' End from commission to a straight hourly wage. Stores that feature a 'Lands' End Shop' are based on an hourly wage and a 3% commission on all catalog/internet sales placed from within their store. Associates receive an associate discount. 20% off on clothing, shoes, and jewelry. They also receive 10% off on everything else in the store, including Great Price items. Any associate orders done through the Lands' End Internal site receive 30% off with the associates paying a $6 fee for shipping and handling of any size order.

This section requires expansion.

The domain sears.com attracted at least 240 million visitors annually by 2011 according to a Compete.com survey. Sears saw profits drop 13% during the fourth quarter of 2010 but still has total assets of $26.05 billion as of the first quarter of 2011.[45]

Properties

Sears Tower

Sears Tower

Sears made history in 1974 when it completed the 110-story Sears Tower in Chicago. The tower became the world's tallest building upon its completion, a title it held until the completion of the World Trade Center towers. It remains the tallest building in the United States.

Seeking to spread its operations out in a business park, Sears left in 1993 and subsequently sold the tower, moving to Hoffman Estates, Illinois. Even though its naming rights to the building expired in 2003 it remained the Sears Tower through early 2009. In March 2009 London-based insurer Willis Group Holdings, Ltd., was given the building's naming rights to entice the occupancy of the building. The official renaming as the Willis Tower took place on Thursday, July 16, 2009, during a public ceremony hosted by Willis Group Holdings.[46]

New headquarters

Sears moved to the new Prairie Stone Business Park in Hoffman Estates, Illinois between 1993 and 1995. The office park has a focus on technology and sustainability, featuring an extensive landscaping plan that uses native prairie plants wherever possible, and a system of several express bus routes coordinated with Pace to encourage public transportation use with a future stop on the Metra STAR Line.[47] Despite these services, the remote location of Prairie Stone means that it is much less well served by public transportation than the centrally-located Sears Tower.

Sears Centre

The Sears Centre is a 10,000-seat multi-purpose arena located in Hoffman Estates adjacent to the Prairie Stone campus.[48]

See also

Chicago portal
Illinois portal
Companies portal

References

  1. ^ a b "2010 Form 10-K, Sears Holding Company". United States Securities and Exchange Commission. http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1310067/000119312511062911/d10k.htm.
  2. ^ "Sears Holdings - About Sears Roebuck, and Co.". Sears Holding Corporation. http://www.searsholdings.com/about/sears/. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
  3. ^ "History of DJIA". Globalfinancialdata.com. https://www.globalfinancialdata.com/articles/dow_jones.html. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  4. ^ Clymer, Floyd. Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877–1925. (New York: Bonanza, 1950), p.90.
  5. ^ "Sears History - 1890s." Sears. Last updated 2004-09-27.
  6. ^ Book: Historic Sears, Roebuck and Co. Catalog Plant ISBN 0-7385-3977-5, opening date.
  7. ^ Adams, Cecil (1986-08-15). "What did people use before toilet paper was invented?". The Straight Dope. http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/572/what-did-people-use-before-toilet-paper-was-invented. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  8. ^ Rodriguez, Linda (2009-07-08). "Why toilet paper belongs to America". CNN.com. http://edition.cnn.com/2009/LIVING/wayoflife/07/07/mf.toilet.paper.history/index.html. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  9. ^ "Sears Archives". Sears. http://www.searsarchives.com/stores/questions/index.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-25.
  10. ^ "Sears Archives". Sears. http://www.searsarchives.com/stores/history_indiana.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-25.
  11. ^ Jim Zarroli (April 19, 2009). . National Public Radio. . Retrieved March 7, 2010. ("General Growth made a number of high-profile acquisitions of shopping malls in every part of the country. Some of General Growth's biggest included: the $1.85 billion acquisition of Homart Development Co. from Sears Roebuck in 1995, said to be one of the largest real estate transactions in history at the time")
  12. ^ Sears to Sell Card Portfolio To Citigroup For $3 Billion
  13. ^ "Sears ditches Sears Essentials name". Chicagobusiness.com. 2006-02-22. http://chicagobusiness.com/cgi-bin/news.pl?id=19617. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  14. ^ [1] Chicago Sun-Times story possible Sears Holding Company targets.
  15. ^ The Washington Post, Risky Side of Sears: Retailer Is Recast As a Hedge Fund, As Sales and Stores Decline, Chairman Focuses on Investment, March 11, 2007.
  16. ^ "About Sears". http://www.aboutsears.com/. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  17. ^ "Sears History". Searsmedia.com. http://www.searsarchives.com/history/history1980s.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
  18. ^ "Sears Grand Fact Sheet". Searsmedia.com. http://www.searsmedia.com/aboutsears/businesses/searsgrandfacts.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  19. ^ "Sears celebrates new name". The Emporia Gazette. March 16, 2009. http://www.emporiagazette.com/news/2009/mar/16/sears_celebrates_new_name/. Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  20. ^ This Week in Consumer Electronics, Whirlpool Bears First Fruits Of Maytag Merger At Home Depot, 10/09/2006.
  21. ^ Yard and Garden, Filling the gap: now that home centers are "servicing what they sell," where do dealers fit into this rapidly changing retail channel?; Profitably running your service department, March, 2005.
  22. ^ "Sears to Expand Stand-Alone Auto Outlets", New York Times, March 20, 1997
  23. ^ a b "Sears Plans to Sell National Tire and Battery for $260 Million", by Constance L. Hays, New York Times, September 23, 2003
  24. ^ "A surprisingly new style for Sears: Homelife, Sears new power furniture format, is unlike anything seen before at the nation's largest retailer". Findarticles.com. 1989. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3092/is_n19_v28/ai_8091651. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  25. ^ "HomeLife Furniture closes its doors". Bizjournals.com. 2001-07-11. http://www.bizjournals.com/dallas/stories/2001/07/09/daily29.html. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  26. ^ Schenke, Jarred (2000-09-15). "Sears eyeing South DeKalb as site for new urban store". Atlanta.bizjournals.com. http://atlanta.bizjournals.com/atlanta/stories/2000/09/18/newscolumn5.html. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  27. ^ "Sears to open urban store". Enquirer.com. http://www.enquirer.com/editions/1999/12/22/fin_sears_to_open_urban.html. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  28. ^ "Allstate: 1926–1995 (Sears' divestment)". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/allstate.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  29. ^ "Cheryl Tiegs: 1981–1989". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/cheryltiegs.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  30. ^ "Coldspot: 1928–1976". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/coldspot.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  31. ^ "Craftsman: The Standard of Quality". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/craftsman.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  32. ^ "David Bradley: 1910–1966". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/davidbradley.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  33. ^ "DieHard: 1967–present". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/diehard.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  34. ^ "Economy: 1902–1947". http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/economy.htm.
  35. ^ evolvtools.com/#/about-us
  36. ^ "Harmony House: 1940–1968". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/harmonyhouse.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  37. ^ "Hercules: 1908–1965". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/hercules.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  38. ^ "J.C. Higgins: 1908–1964". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/jchiggins.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  39. ^ "Kenmore: America's Favorite Home Appliance Brand". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/kenmore.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  40. ^ "Pilgrim: 1905–1964". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/pilgrim.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  41. ^ "Roebucks: 1949–present". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/roebucks.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  42. ^ "Silvertone: 1915–1972". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/silvertone.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  43. ^ "Toughskins: 1971–present". Searsarchives.com. 2006-10-31. http://www.searsarchives.com/brands/toughskins.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  44. ^ 600-plus Sears jobs to be cut Chicago Tribune February 13, 1992
  45. ^ "Sears Sees Falling Sales on TVs, Computers and DVDs as Fourth Quarter Profit Drops 13%". Quarterly Retail Review. February 27, 2010. http://www.quarterlyretailreview.com/2011/02/sears-sees-falling-sales-on-tvs-computers-and-dvds-as-fourth-quarter-profit-drops-13/.
  46. ^ Conlon, Michael (2009-03-12). "Tallest U.S. building to get new name". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUSTRE52B54J20090312. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
  47. ^ [2] Prairie Stone Transportation site.
  48. ^ [3] Prairie Stone Business Park, Current Sears headquarters location and Sears Centre.

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Image 25 An Otis flyball governor Sears Roebuck and Company in Atlanta Georgia Please note the additional contacts partially hidden by the twenty pound cover

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Walter P. Romanski - Livingston Daily
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Walter P. Romanski - Livingston Daily
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Livingston Daily WPA Project and was employed in sales with Sears Roebuck Co . in Highland Park and Southfield for 25 years before his retirement in 1979. ...
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Otis/GAL Hydraulic elevator @ & KOP mall King of Prussia PA
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Otis/GAL Hydraulic elevator @ & KOP mall King of Prussia PA

Wed, 30 Dec 2009 08:29:07 PST

this was installed in the 80s sometime. just a basic GAL elevator installed by Otis I was told. youtube.com.

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Canadian Fashion Connection Simpsons- Sears ...
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Canadian Fashion Connection Simpsons- Sears ...

Jonathan, kickshawproductions.com
2011-11-18 18:21:27

In 1951 Simpsons was approached by the American mail order giant Sears , Roebuck & Co ., who had been in catalogue sales since 1888 and then expanded into retail department stores across the U.S. starting in the 1920s. ...

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Sears and Roebuck bolt action mag fed 12 ga?
Q. I'm looking for info on this shotgun. Model #101.5410 I know sears sold guns from other manufacturing companies but did they put the sears brand on all guns or did they keep the original company name on them?
Asked by MrEvergleam - Sun Oct 16 09:17:39 2011 - Hunting - 1 Answers - Comments

A. I cannot get my main website with this info to pull up, but here is a cache copy, double check your number
Answered by akluis - Sun Oct 16 12:33:25 2011

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